Archives on months

October 2008
September 2008
August 2008
July 2008
June 2008
May 2008
April 2008
March 2008
February 2008
January 2008
December 2007
November 2007
October 2007
August 2007
June 2007
May 2007
April 2007
March 2007
February 2007
January 2007
December 2006
November 2006
October 2006

Legal consultation

Barbarian Diordieva - the lawyer, an analyst.
If you had legal issues, the problems connected with realisation of your rights, and also the questions, concerning legislations.

The rights of women

Gender equality

The woman in the politician - the phenomenon which causes today interest all over the world. Not an exception is also Ukraine. The problem of an involvement of the woman in political process is considered through an interaction prism (more often the conflict) floors more often. It has under itself the serious bases which are going back to tradition of carrying out of a dividing side between the female and man's population of the Earth.

Historically the culture without an exception of all civilisations formed representation about the absolute distinctions existing between floors. Absolute distinctions were formed by division of the rights and duties in societies, in the majority - patriarchal. Hence, this division in many respects was unequal, in favour of a male. Declaration of the equal rights and freedom in the democratic countries became the precondition to change of the settled order. Thus, "the gender right" was replaced with the civil. But instant and absolute change can occur only on a paper. The reality prefers evoljutsionnost (so, course) transition. Thus, the proclaimed principle of equality operated with some "denominations". This inferiority became the reason of struggle of discriminated groups of the population for a recognition and observance of the rights, including struggle of women for participation equal in rights in political process.

From the very beginning struggle passed under banners of gender equality. The same situation by and large remains and till now. Thus, udach or failures of women in the politician it is considered to be a principal cause presence or absence of gender equality which habit which should be grown up as the English lawn, being put into words Yana Botsman, is "in many respects, not one ten years".

Gender equality in itself is perceived as the blessing without which women in the politician simply and cannot be. But thus concept "gender equality" - artful enough piece. The equality of sexes means not only equality of possibilities in the politician. Equality between floors should to mean, logically, also equality (identity) of psychological, physical and other maintenance. But to achieve acceptance of this position as true - it is simply absurd.

Here at opponents a full set of trumps - objectively existing (without dependence from that, accept them or not) physiological and psychological distinctions between men and women. Thus, making the corner-stone of gender equality of equal participation of women in the politician, we voluntary give additional, besides rather powerful, the tool to those who does not welcome parity with men inclusion of women in political process.

The position of obligatory division of statuses of the woman is represented to more progressive: gender and civil. V.Solovev fairly noticed, that "any coquetry with a sex, age, with a hair colour there is a discrimination". In the politician it is necessary to speak not about men or women, and about citizens. At political level there is only one status - the citizen who possesses a set of the civil rights and freedom, identical (equal) irrespective of gender, racial or ethnic characteristics.

If we speak about the woman in the politician (though, in my opinion, such statement of a question in itself is, at least, not correct) it is necessary to speak about features of the political mechanism and a social organism as they co-operate with physiological and psychological features of subjects of political process.

In the state where the right to the power was defined through a dynastic principle, the advancement mechanism in the power was more linear, rather than in the democratic states. Domination of a principle of appointment (the monarch - the God, officials - the monarch) over a selective principle together with a traditional patriarchal society excluded a problem of various possibilities of the woman and the man in the politician. Nominees were not discussed (whether it be the successor or the successor) according to a dynastic principle.

In the democratic states "doors in a policy" have opened much more widely by means of introduction of a selective principle, and also declaration of equality of the civil rights and freedom. And together with it there were also new problems: the appointment principle has undergone to change according to that now all citizens received is declarative the equal rights; introduction of a selective principle changed not only a vector, but also a essence of the power.

Accordingly, changed position and possibilities of women in a society, the government. Nevertheless, this process passed (and till now passes) not always smoothly, successfully and not diskriminatsionno. The reasons for that it is possible to name a little. The reasons this versatile character as difficulties on an arena of politics meet to all women, irrespective of mechanisms of their advancement in the power (appointments or elections) in the democratic states.

The basic problems not effective (not so as it would be desirable and as it is meant equality of the rights and freedom) participations of women-naznachentsev in government are connected with conservatism of public consciousness which does not allow to officials-women to rise to the higher steps of the power. Owing to historically developed order all higher posts (conferring powers to appoint) occupied men.

In a case with the women, trying to come to a policy by means of election as their electorate, problems exists much more. The suffrage has confirmed rigid laws of competitive struggle (which basis struggle for appeal of the goods is) in the politician. The first "female parties" have faced a problem of conservatism not only from man's, but also female electorate. There were, that women, no less than men, "have not got used" to vote for women, century traditions of a patriarchal society cannot instantly disappear and completely. The traditional involvement of men into a policy in bolshej to a measure, than women, has generated a myth that any political activity - especially man's prerogative. And this myth also has not vanished immediately after declaration of civil equality. Meanwhile, for a long time already for anybody not a secret, that rigidity, beskompromissnost both endurance are equally inherent also in women, and men. Besides the qualities necessary for political activity (ability organically to join conditions and a pragmatism and intuition combination), actually also make notorious "feminnost" in its classical understanding.

Coming back to a competition of political images, it is necessary to notice, that as a "female" field of activity in the politician the social sphere always was considered. Has historically developed, that in democracies on the post-Soviet territory this sphere was financed by a residual principle and, hence, constantly was "in a shelter". What here liking to the official, which is responsible (owing to a post) for nonpayment of salaries, pensions and grants to the most vulnerable levels of population?

If to it to add essence of modern selective technologies where the basic role play administrative and financial resources to which women-candidates have rather limited access, failure of women on elections in the CIS countries "are simply programmed". As defeat of the candidate of a male, however, would be programmed", it appear it in similar conditions.

In other words, the floor of the official in the politician is the secondary factor. Essentially important it is possible to consider only civil consciousness and constitutional laws and freedom of citizens. Struggle for gender equality in the politician in itself already is infringement of the constitutional principles as at political level there can not be women or men, Jews or Russian, black or white, there can be only the citizens absolutely equal before the law.

Golovkin of the Island of Century